求生技能||消防安全和急救知识知多少？（2）-国际教育网

求生技能||消防安全和急救知识知多少？（2）

上海宏润博源

2021-03-13

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求生技能||消防安全和急救知识知多少？（2）

Survival Skills// How much do you know about fire safety and first aid? （part 2）

求生技能

消防安全

急救常识

新学期开始，学校连着为同学们开展了两场重要的人生课堂：2月22日的消防安全培训和3月1日的急救常识培训。上海宏润博源学校致力于学生的全面发展和个性化成长，也非常重视同学们必要的生存救助技能的培训。

At the beginning of the new semester, our school organized two important lectures in succession on life skills --- one about fire safety on Feb. 22nd, and the other about First Aid on March. 1st . SHBS is committed to promoting students’ all-round development and individualized growth, and also values training students in the essential survival and salvation skills.

两场讲座的主讲人都是备受同学们喜爱的陈昆泰老师，他以专业的知识，富有表现力的语言和真实情景演绎，将消防安全和急救知识讲解地准确、清楚且有趣，牢牢地吸引着同学们去学习和吸收这些知识。

Both these two lectures were given by Mr. Everest Chen, who was very popular among students. Based on his professional expertise,Everest explained the knowledge of fire safety and first aid accurately and clearly. He talked so expressively and vividly that students were absorbed in the lectures.

PART 01

2月22日消防安全讲座

The lecture about fire safety on Feb. 22nd

向上滑动阅览

陈老师的讲座从提问开始，一下子就吸引同学们认真聆听，积极互动。

“你觉得你们家里最容易发生火灾的地方在哪里？”

同学们纷纷举手发言。

接着陈老师讲解了家庭火灾预防应注意的要点，并讲解了火灾的不同类型、灭火方式和逃生注意事项。

“认为发生火灾时，要弯着腰，低姿态逃出现场的同学请举手。”

“认为发生火宅时，要第一时间找到湿布捂住口鼻的同学请举手。”

“认为楼下着火时，应该往楼上跑的同学请举手。”

“好的，在真实的场景中，刚才举手的同学很可能都牺牲了。”接着，陈老师结合真实案例，讲解了现代消防逃生的正确做法，并解释了背后的原因。陈老师分享了一个令人印象深刻的火灾模拟实验，告诉我们“小火快跑，浓烟关门”背后的道理。在演示了不同火灾场景中的逃生技能，常用灭火器的使用方法和注意事项后，陈老师强调：火灾无情，预防为先。

火灾一旦发生，任何一秒都是宝贵的，每一个选择都能决定生死；掌握正确的消防知识至关重要，希望大家可以把今天学到的知识分享给自己的家人和朋友。

向上滑动阅览

Next, Everest called our attention to several points about how to prevent fire at home, explained to us different types of fire, fire-extinguishing methods, and escape precautions.

“If you agree that you should bend over and get out the scene when a fire breaks out, please raise your hands.”

“If you agree that the first thing to do is to get a wet a cloth to cover your mouth and nose when a fire breaks out, please raise your hands.”

“If you agree that you should escape by running upstairs if the apartment below yours catches fire, please raise your hands.”

“okay, in real-life situations, those who raised your hands just now might have been killed by the fire.”

Hearing this, students actively interacted with him by putting up their hands to answer his question. Then Everest explained to us the correct ways to escape from a fire in modern times, and the reason behind those practices by citing a real case. He also impressed us with a fire simulation experiment, and made us realize the reason behind the advice: “ Run quickly in case of a small fire, and close the door in case of dense smoke.” After demonstrating the escape skills in different fire scenes, the use of common fire extinguishers and related precautions, Everest stressed that since fire is merciless, priority should be given to prevention of fire.

Once a fire breaks out, even a single second counts and your life and death may depend on each choice you make. Therefore, mastery of fire-fighting knowledge is of vital importance. We hope that students and teachers will share what you’ve learned today with your family and friends.

3月2日急救常识培训

The lecture about first aid on March 2nd

PART 02

陈老师首先向大家明确了急救的目的和原则，急救的目的是抓住关键时间稳定病患的情况，首要原则是：首选拨打120呼叫救护；在保证自己安全的情况下再对病患施救。

First of all, Everest Chen made everyone aware of the purpose and principle of first aid. The purpose of first aid is to seize the key moments to stabilize the patent’s conditions, and the primary principle is to call for an ambulance by dialing 120; to make sure that you are safe yourself before saving the patient.

接着，陈老师分别讲解了心肺复苏，外伤现场救助技能（止血、包扎、固定和搬运）以及运动创伤、烧烫伤、异物梗阻和溺水的急救措施。

Next, Everest respectively explained cardiopulmonary resuscitation, on-the-scene trauma rescue skills including hemostasis, bandaging, fixation and handling, as well as first aid measures to be taken in case of sports injuries, burns, FBAO and drowning.

已经考取过急救证的吴文昊同学协助陈老师进行现场急救演示：实施CPR前应该做的确认步骤，AED除颤仪的用法；异物梗阻时的救助动作等。

每个技能的讲解都非常清楚易懂，而且幽默风趣，重点突出，让同学们知其然，更知其所以然。

William Wu, a holder of first aid certificate, helped Everest demonstrate on the stage the confirmation steps that should be taken before the implementation of CPR, the use of AED and the correct rescue motions to be performed in case of FBAO.

Everest and William made each skill clear and easy to understand. They gave such a humorous and focused demonstration that students knew not only what to do but also why to do so.

这两堂培训课为同学们提供了非常重要的求生救助知识，关键时刻可以救人救己。同学们认真学习，积极互动。这不，胡哲远同学在听讲座时还认真地做了笔记，整理之后分享给大家。本周先分享他在消防安全培训时做的笔记。

Students have acquired crucial knowledge about survival and rescue skills by attending these two lectures. Equipped with such knowledge, they will be able to save themselves as well as others in case of emergency. During the lectures, students listened attentively and interacted actively with the lecturer. Eric Hu also took notes during the lectures. We will share them with everyone after sorting them out. This week,let’s read his notes on fire-fighting safety first.

胡哲远同学外伤急救科普讲座笔记摘录

施救者必须保护自己为先，现场急救的目的是争取以最快的速度送往医院，所以必须尽快打120。急救，就是在救护车到来之前尽可能的减缓伤者的伤势和疼痛。

总共有个6板块：休克/皮外伤处理（擦伤，刮伤，大出血，刺伤）/骨折（开放性，非开放性）/扭伤/烫伤/溺水

AED（电击）：由于是机器，直接根据机器语音的指示来。里面的指示是非常全面的，严格按照指示执行。

在许可的条件下，AED与心肺复苏同时进行

心肺复苏（从外部用力强制心脏收缩，从而促进血液循环）：

确认伤者有无意识——先打120——将患者面部向上，躺下——确认呼吸道是否顺畅——有外套拉开外套拉链——压胸

根据身体的健康和强壮程度取决压的力，（成年男性为5公分），伤者弱力量稍轻，伤者强力量稍强。（打了120就压到救护车来，如果没有条件拨打120，压30分钟，每秒2下左右，每30下查看一次是否有心跳和呼吸）

外伤处理：

血少，用水清洗后用碘酒或者红药水擦拭

生理盐水〉饮用水〉自来水〉不洗

大量出血：

用足够大，厚，干净的敷料，持续不断的按压伤口，

止血带绑在伤口边，距离心脏近的方向，（比如大腿出血就绑在大腿根部）（每三十分钟松绑一分钟）

整个过程保持伤口高于心脏，必要时可躺下。

骨折处理

1，非开放性骨折，直接固定在受伤时的状态，然后送往医院。

2，开放性骨折，一样照受伤时的姿态固定，禁止任何会让伤口感染的接触。

脱臼：通常状况并不紧急，保持伤口稳定，尽量不造成二次伤害，尽快送往医院。

伤口内有异物（被玻璃片刺伤）：

如果异物在伤口上晃动，不稳定，直接拔出来进行外伤处理，

如果异物插入伤口过深，稳定不晃动，直接连着异物包扎送往医院，切忌拔出异物。

踝关节扭伤：

1到两天内冰敷，抬高伤口，可减缓伤口肿胀

2不可摩擦，揉捻。

3.患部附近动作温柔，不要造成二次伤害

烫伤：

1，流水（常温水，切记不能太冷）冲洗伤口10分钟以上，别用冰敷。

2，3级烫伤以上或者烧伤面积大时，用干净塑料袋覆盖伤口，保护伤口，并进口送往医院。

如果气管堵塞（被噎到了）：

救援人员站在伤员背后，一手握拳，大拇指朝内，拳眼向着自己，（注意避开肋骨，在肋骨下方，肚脐眼向上两指宽）用力向上，向后拉。

复苏姿势：有呼吸心跳但无意识时使用，如果感觉自身感到身体异常，可能晕厥的时候摆出这个姿势，能够在无意识的情况下尽可能存活。

溺水：

如果人在水里没有反应或者过度反应一般都是溺水。

救人的时候从后面抱住，不要从前面过去，一能保证自己安全，二能有效率的救人，

不要尝试把水从肺里挤出来，溺水只是缺氧，水基本全会流到胃里，直接清理口腔内的异物，然后根据溺水者情况决定是心肺复苏还是复苏姿势。

<<左右滑动查看更多

文|汪蓓莉、陈昆泰

讲座笔记|胡哲远

翻译|徐栋

排版|Jang

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