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体育特长在大学申请中的优势

2023-10-17发布于江苏

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2014年,美国哈佛大学被学生指控学校在招生过程中存在种族歧视。给亚裔申请者更低的评分导致他们无缘录取。虽然最高法院最终裁定哈佛胜诉,但一直如迷雾般的世界名校选拔人才的标准,还是在这场诉讼案里被揭开了神秘的面纱。



运动员的录取率

1960年,哈佛大学招生办公室主任本德在他离任前的一份长篇报告中宣称,一个完全由学术成绩顶尖学生组成的群体是不健康的,它不利于学生个体充分、全面的发展。这一观点深刻地影响了此后哈佛和其他顶尖大学的招生培养政策。


因此,在录取学生时,招生官会用一把无形的尺子,对学生的分数、经历、特长、性格等等进行全方位度量,而非单纯唯分数论。而度量结果则明显对以下几种人做出倾斜:

捐赠者亲属、教职工子女、校友子女以及顶尖运动员



录取率仅为5%的哈佛大学,大学运动员占本科生人数的比例为15%,耶鲁大学则是13%,普林斯顿大学的录取率为7%,但运动员占20%。达特茅斯学院运动员的比例更是高达21%。


可见,体育特长生在美国大学申请中更具有优势,更容易脱颖而出


为何如此重视体育?

美国IDEO提出过“T型人才”的概念,

即富有知识广度以及学习深度;能够跨学科思考,解决实际问题;开放协作并且善于自我突破的人才。


学生除了努力提高分数,还需要培养诸如竞争本能、团队协作能力、领导意识、意志力等特质,前者需要在教室里一丝不苟地吸收知识,后者则需要在运动场上得到锻炼。



光明日报在2016年发表的《大学为何偏爱体育特长生》一文中,重点说明了体育运动对发展“全人”的积极作用。


美国不仅非常重视大学生体育,且拥有完善和成熟的大学生运动员的选拔和竞赛体系。


著名的常春藤盟校(The Ivy League)就并非学术共同体,最初是几所知名院校通过体育结成联盟。



成立于1906年的NCAA(National Collegiate Athletic Association)汇聚了全美最顶尖的体育人才,它负责管理和组织大学体育活动。确保比赛的公平性和竞技性,以及提供学生运动员的奖学金支持。虽是大学生比赛,但NCAA每年的商业收入最高可达10亿美元。


NCAA比赛现场,吸引观众数以万计


最重要的是,NCAA还通过大学体育培养卓越的学生运动员为未来的领袖。精英大学的价值,很大一部分体现在体育上,美国式的精英其实就是体育精英。



重体育轻学术?

名校会因为体育特长生的专业优势,从而降低对他们的分数要求吗?

以滑雪冠军谷爱凌为例。

即便在冬奥会上拿到了两金一银的好成绩,为了进入斯坦福,她拿出全力备考SAT,暑期在北京海淀补课,利用飞机上的时间写作业,把能搜到的考试试题全做一遍,最终拿到了1580的高分(满分1600)。



(注:考试前一天,飞机晚点抵达日内瓦。在睡眠不够的情况下,考试当天又遭遇了暴雨天气,搭乘不了交通工具。长期进行田径训练的谷爱凌当机立断跑步去考场。在遭遇突发情况时,她没有过度焦虑,也没有因此发挥失常。从这一点可以看出运动员的心理素质之稳定,和强大的身体素质带给她的应急能力。)


学生运动员,首先是学生,其次才是运动员。

更久远一点的例子:林书豪。除了赛场上优异的表现,他的SAT也达到了1570的高分。最终录取到哈佛。可见,体育特长能得到好学校的青睐,但这绝对不代表申请者可以在学术上松懈。


美高体育课

在美高,卓越的学术成绩固然重要,体育的发展也不容忽视。美高创始人方正先生认为,健康的体魄和坚韧意志力是塑造未来领导者不可或缺的一部分。因此,总建筑面积六万平方米的苏州美高,有三分之一的场地(约两万平方米)专供学生运动使用,校内体育项目包括网球、高尔夫和巴西柔术等。学生有丰富多彩的锻炼机会,从而加强自己的体魄和领导能力。


美高柔术课

巴西柔术是当前世界范围内流行的格斗运动,相比于其他运动,它更需要动脑,讲求利用身体的框架和杠杆进行对抗,擅长以小博大。


在巴西柔术的学习中,孩子们总是面临着新问题,他们总是需要去一步一步地解决这些问题,不断探索每种可能出现的情况,最终才能获得优势或者胜利。


巴西柔术从热身到对抗,每次训练都会让孩子开心的大汗淋漓。运动是对儿童免疫力提高的最好方式,经常运动的儿童更少生病。巴西柔术从来不对学习者的身体素质做任何要求,因为随着训练,它潜移默化地在改变着小朋友的身体,力量、速度、柔韧都会大幅提高



在无身体接触球类运动中,网球应该属于较为激烈级别。

打网球的时候跑动范围大,锻炼的肌肉群较多。一个正手击球调用肌肉群超过130组,所以有教练说打网球像拳击。同时网球运动充分考验和锻炼内在能力:自我控制,调整,专注力,战术素养……


ESPN著名体育节目——Sports Science的制片人约翰·布伦南分析研究过很多高难度的体育运动,他认为,曲棍球是其中难度最高的,而高尔夫则是最难打好的。

高尔夫绝不是拿起一根球杆,把小白球打进一个4.25英寸的洞杯中那么简单。它需要大量的时间,决心,更重要的是专注度。在击球时,手稍微转动不足或者过度就可能毁掉一杆或者整轮的比赛。高尔夫要求你相信自己,可以打好每一杆。




总结

SUMMARY

美高鼓励学生全面发展,在校期间不仅要具备学术能力,还要强健体魄。学校为学生们提供机会去探索不同领域,挑战自我。开设多元化的体育项目培养德才兼备、文武双全的未来领导者。





In 2014, Harvard University in the United States faced accusations from students of racial discrimination in its admissions process. Allegations of giving lower ratings to Asian-American applicants resulted in their rejection. While the Supreme Court ultimately ruled in favor of Harvard, the previously veiled standards for selecting talent at this prestigious world-renowned institution were partially unveiled in this lawsuit.



Athlete Admission Rate

In 1960, Harvard University's Admissions Office director, Bender, asserted in a lengthy report before his departure that a group comprised solely of academically elite students was unhealthy and hindered the well-rounded development of individual students. This perspective had a profound impact on Harvard and the admissions and education policies of other top universities in the subsequent years.



As a result, during the student selection process, admissions officers employ an invisible yardstick to comprehensively measure students based on their scores, experiences, talents, character, and more, rather than solely relying on academic scores. The measured outcomes significantly favor several categories of individuals, including relatives of donors, faculty members' children, alumni's children, and top athletes.


At Harvard University, with an admission rate as low as 5%, the proportion of undergraduate students who are athletes is 15%. Yale University follows closely at 13%, Princeton University, with a 7% admission rate, has 20% of its student body composed of athletes, and Dartmouth College has the highest percentage of athletes at 21%.


It is evident that students with athletic talents have an advantage in the U.S. college application process, making it easier for them to stand out.



Why is sports so highly valued?

IDEO introduced the concept of "T-shaped talent," which refers to individuals with a broad knowledge base and deep expertise, the ability to think across disciplines to solve real-world problems, openness to collaboration, and a knack for self-improvement.


Students need to cultivate qualities beyond just improving their scores. They should develop attributes such as a competitive spirit, teamwork, leadership, and willpower. The former requires meticulous absorption of knowledge in the classroom, while the latter demands physical exercise on the field.


A 2016 article in the Guangming Daily emphasized the positive impact of sports on the holistic development of individuals. The United States not only places great emphasis on college athletics but also possesses a well-established and mature system for selecting and competing among student athletes.



The renowned Ivy League schools, initially formed as an alliance of well-known institutions through sports, are not merely academic communities. 



The NCAA (National Collegiate Athletic Association), founded in 1906, gathers the most elite sports talents in the United States. It is responsible for managing and organizing college sports, ensuring fair and competitive games, and providing scholarships for student-athletes. Despite being college-level competitions, NCAA generates annual commercial revenue that can reach up to $1 billion. NCAA competitions attract thousands of spectators.



The most important aspect is that NCAA, through college sports, nurtures outstanding student-athletes into future leaders. A significant part of the value of elite colleges is derived from sports. 



Emphasizing Sports Over Academics?

The American model of excellence is closely related to athletic excellence. Elite schools may lower their score requirements for student-athletes because of their professional expertise?

Take the example of skiing champion Eileen Gu. Despite achieving two gold and one silver medal at the Winter Olympics, she dedicated herself to SAT preparation to gain admission to Stanford. She worked hard and took additional courses in Beijing during the summer, completing practice exams while traveling by plane. In the end, she scored 1580 out of 1600 on the SAT. Eileen Gu's ability to stay calm in unexpected situations, like running to the test center when faced with rain and travel disruptions, showcases the psychological stability of athletes and the emergency skills that come from their strong physical abilities.



Student-athletes are first and foremost students, and athletes second. A more distant example is Jeremy Lin. In addition to his outstanding performance on the court, he achieved a high SAT score of 1570 and was ultimately admitted to Harvard. It is evident that sports talents are favored by prestigious institutions, but this does not mean that applicants can relax academically. 


LWS PE Class

In LWS, outstanding academic achievements are essential, and sports development should not be underestimated. Mr. Fang Zheng, the founder of LWS, believes that a healthy physique and strong willpower are indispensable for shaping future leaders. Therefore, LWS, with a total area of 60,000 square meters, dedicates about one-third of its space (approximately 20,000 square meters) to student sports. On-campus sports programs include tennis, golf, and Brazilian jiu-jitsu, among others. Students have a diverse range of exercise opportunities to enhance their physical fitness and leadership abilities.



Brazilian jiu-jitsu is a popular combat sport worldwide. Compared to other sports, it requires more mental engagement and emphasizes using the body's frame and leverage in combat. It excels in using small efforts for significant impact. In learning Brazilian jiu-jitsu, children always face new problems, and they must step-by-step solve these issues, continuously explore every possible situation, and ultimately gain an advantage or win. Brazilian jiu-jitsu training brings a lot of joy and makes children sweat profusely. Regular physical activity is the best way to improve children's immunity, as those who exercise regularly are less prone to illness. Brazilian jiu-jitsu has no specific requirements for the physical fitness of learners because, over time, it subtly changes the children's bodies, greatly improving their strength, speed, and flexibility.


Among non-contact ball sports, tennis can be considered a more intense level of activity. When playing tennis, there is a large range of movement, and it exercises multiple muscle groups. Hitting a forehand shot engages over 130 muscle groups, so some coaches say playing tennis is like boxing. Tennis also thoroughly tests and develops inner abilities, such as self-control, adaptability, concentration, and tactical skills.



John Brenkus, the producer of the famous sports program "Sports Science" on ESPN, has analyzed and researched various high-difficulty sports. He believes that hockey is the most challenging, and golf is the most difficult to master. Golf is by no means simply picking up a club and hitting a small white ball into a 4.25-inch hole. It requires a significant amount of time, determination, and most importantly, concentration. When hitting the ball, even a slight deviation can ruin one shot or an entire round. Golf requires belief in oneself to succeed with every swing.



总结

SUMMARY

LWS encourages students to develop comprehensively. During their time at the school, they need not only possess academic capabilities but also have a strong physique. The school provides opportunities for students to explore various fields and challenge themselves. It offers diverse sports programs to nurture students who excel both academically and athletically. The school believes that a healthy body and strong willpower are integral to shaping future leaders. Therefore, about one-third of the school's total area, approximately 20,000 square meters, is dedicated to sports facilities. These facilities include tennis, golf, Brazilian jiu-jitsu, and more. Students have a variety of exercise opportunities to enhance their physical fitness and leadership capabilities.


声明:本文内容为国际教育号作者发布,不代表国际教育网的观点和立场,本平台仅提供信息存储服务。

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