CBFS四年级UOI探究——我们如何组织自己 I G4 UOI - How We Organize Ourselves-国际教育网

CBFS四年级UOI探究——我们如何组织自己 I G4 UOI - How We Organize Ourselves

03-27 08:51发布于湖南

关注

什么是UOI？What is UOI?

UOI是英文Unit of Inquiry的缩写，中文可以称作“单元主题探究”，该课程基于建构主义和多元智能理论，主要目标是培养学生综合能力和素养。它以单元主题为核心，彻底打破学科界限，运用探究式学习和服务性学习作为基本学习方法，有严密的探究周期，是一门具有超学科性质的课程。它的创新性和实践性的课程模式，能够让学生在多样化的主题探究中，全面发展自身的能力和素养。

UOI is the abbreviation of Unit of Inquiry. The programme is based on constructivism and multiple intelligences unit, and its main objective is to cultivate students' comprehensive abilities and literacy. The curriculum takes the unit theme as its core and employs inquiry-based and service learning as its basic learning methods. It has transdisciplinary and rigorous inquiry cycle, which allows for the breaking down of disciplinary boundaries. The curriculum model is innovative and practical, enabling students to develop their abilities and literacy holistically through diverse thematic enquiry.

来自CBFS四年级的UOI

UOI from G4 of CBFS

在长沙市岳麓区彼一米森林学校CBFS四年级第三单元UOI跨学科主题“How We Organize Ourselves 我们如何组织自己”的大单元探究活动中，学生们围绕着“群落的动态变化与种群数量有关”这个中心思想，沿着“人口数量随时间增加”、“人口增加会影响人口密度”两条探究线索展开了深入的探究。学生们了解了人类创造的各种系统与社区之间的相互联系；人口密集与稀疏城市之间的差异对比；经济活动及其对人类和环境的影响，并对探究成果提出了自己的看法与建议。

In CBFS G4 Unit 3 UOI Interdisciplinary Theme "How We Organize Ourselves", the central idea being investigated is that "community dynamics are related to population size". The lines of inquiry are "population size increases over time" and "population increase affects population density". The students conducted thorough investigations on the central idea that the dynamics of communities are related to population size. They explored the population size increases over time and population increase affects population density. The students were educated on the interconnections between various systems and communities created by human beings. They were also taught about the differences between densely populated and sparsely populated cities, as well as economic activities and their impacts on human beings and the environment. The students shared their own views and suggestions on the results of their investigations.

前期评价 Tuning in

探究循环的第一周，是我们的前期评价环节，它涉及对探究活动的准备、设计和实施的初步评估。在这个阶段，我们运用问答，及小组讨论的方式，了解学生们对于这个主题现有的知识水平、他们最感兴趣的话题有哪些，以及想要探究的内容等。评价的主要目的是确保探究活动的有效性和可行性，为后续的实施提供有益的反馈和改进建议。

During the first week of the inquiry cycle, a pre-evaluation session is conducted to assess the preparation, design, and implementation of the inquiry activity. Questions, answers, and group discussions are utilized to determine the existing level of knowledge about the topic, interests, and areas of exploration that the students would like to pursue. The main aim of the evaluation is to appraise the inquiry activities' effectiveness and feasibility and offer constructive feedback and suggestions for improvement in future implementations.

人口密集和稀疏的地区分别都有哪些优缺点呢？学生们针对老师提出的问题，兴趣盎然地展开了激烈的讨论。

“人口密集就会造成更多的污染，更多的垃圾、工厂排放的气体等，都是污染的来源。”

“社会上有各种各样的人，有的很优秀，有的可能没有那么优秀，而通常被选择的都是更优秀的那些人，所以不够优秀的人就无法挣到足够的钱……”

What are some of the benefits and drawbacks of living in areas with high or low population density? The students showed a keen interest in the teacher's questions and actively participated in a lively discussion.

"A dense population creates more pollution, more waste, emissions from factories, etc., all sources of pollution."

"There are all kinds of people in society, some are skilled, some may not be as educated or skilled, and it's usually the better ones who get jobs easier than others, so the ones who don't get jobs don't make enough money ......"

学生们的头脑风暴给我们的单元主题开了一个好头，学生们对于此话题浓郁的兴趣也进一步明确了我们接下来的探究方向。

The students' brainstorming got our unit off to a good start, and the students' keen interest in the topic further clarified the direction of our enquiry.

搜集资料 Finding out

接着，在我们的外方班主任Mr. Lee的带领下，学生们一同设计出了一系列问题，并最终生成了班级调查问卷。学生们已经迫不及待地想去进行校内调研啦！学生们首先选择了地理位置最近的学术行政部门、再是市场宣传部门、后勤部门、人事部门及财务部门等各个办公室，让我们一起看看各部门的老师们对待这个问题都有些什么不同的看法呢？

Then, under the guidance of our international teacher, Mr Lee, the students worked together to develop a series of questions to create a class questionnaire. The students could not wait to do their research within the school! The students chose the nearest academic administration department, then the marketing and publicity department, the logistics department, the human resources department, the finance department and so on. Let's have a look at the different views of the teachers in each department.

“人口稀少会导致劳动力不足，无法吸引外来人员，无法促进经济发展等等。”

“人口密集最大的优势就是人多力量大，例如我们疫情期间，大家可以齐心协力在几天之内就建好一座医院……”

“人口密集，就有可能导致我们的居住环境越来越差，居住的面积越来越小。而人口越来越多的话，也会导致对土地资源、水资源和环境资源等的过度开发，那么人类单个使用的资源就会越来越少，从而面临资源匮乏的状态。”

"Population shortages can lead to labour shortages, an inability to attract outsiders, an inability to promote economic development, and so on."

"The biggest advantage of a dense population is that there is strength in numbers, for example, during our epidemic we could all work together to build a hospital in a matter of days ......"

"With a dense population, there is a risk that our living environment will get worse and worse, and the area in which we live will get smaller and smaller. And as the population grows, it will also lead to the over-exploitation of land resources, water resources, environmental resources, etc., and then people will have fewer and fewer resources for individual use, thus facing a state of resource scarcity".

老师们各抒己见，为学生们的UOI探究提供了很多不同的思考角度和实施数据。

Teachers expressed their views and provided many different perspectives for thinking about and implementing data for the students' UOI investigations.

分析资料 Sorting out

在数学UOI探究活动中，Sally老师结合了学生们正在学习的条形统计图这一课程内容，让大家分别对中国东、南、西、北、中五个区域的人口数量进行了调查，并以条形统计图的方式呈现了出来。

In the Maths UOI, Ms Sally combined the bar chart, a curriculum component that the students are studying, with a survey of the population size of each of the five regions in China, namely East, South, West, North and Central, which was presented in the form of a bar chart.

学生们发现了中国人口密度的差异特点，并进一步分析了它们相应的经济发展状况。我国人口分布呈现出明显的不均衡性。东部沿海地区的人口密度普遍较高，而西部内陆地区则相对较低。此外，南方地区的人口密度普遍高于北方地区。人口密度与经济发展、资源环境和社会政策等多方面因素相互关联、相互影响。为了促进人口分布的均衡和优化，需要政府和社会各方面共同努力，制定合理的政策和措施。这也为我们最后采取行动中“给市长的一封信”这一环节做好了铺垫。

The students discovered the characteristics of the different population densities in China and further analysed the corresponding economic development. The distribution of China's population is clearly uneven. Population density is generally high in the eastern coastal areas, while it is relatively low in the western inland areas. In addition, the population density in the southern region is generally higher than in the northern region. Population density is interrelated and influenced by a number of factors, including economic development, the resource environment and social policies. In order to promote a balanced and optimal population distribution, it is necessary for the government and all sectors of society to work together to formulate appropriate policies and measures. This also paves the way for the "Letter to the Mayor" part of our final action.

深入探究 Going further

在科学UOI中，我们专注于探究声音，声音是如何产生的？声音如何传播？声音的震动，声音如何变大变小等等。学生们通过制作土电话、模拟鼓膜等实验探索着城市中无处不在的声音。

In Science UOI we focused on the study of sound: how is sound created? How does sound travel? How sound vibrates, how sounds get louder and quieter, and much more. The students explored the ubiquitous sounds of the city through experiments such as making clay telephones and simulating a tympanic membrane.

与此同时，Olivia老师沿着“人口的迁移和密度变化受什么影响”这一探究线索也给学生们发布了一项有趣的情境任务。

At the same time, Ms Olivia gave the students an interesting contextual senerio along the lines of "What are the effects of population movement and density changes?

故事是这样开始的......

“2016年“张老板”和他的投资团队合伙人们希望能够回国投资创业，他们想在国内寻觅一个好的城市开一家综合商场。选定城市后，他们也会举家搬迁回这个城市。所以面对这样巨大的决定，关乎着几家人、几代人的一个大决定，需要得到国内咨询公司提供的全面建议。张老板及其团队也会对参与竞标的咨询公司进行投票并选出优胜者，与其合作并给与丰厚的报酬。”

This is how the senerio begins ......

"In 2016, "Ms Zhang" and her partners in the investment team hope to return to their home country to invest and start their own business, and they want to find a good city in the country to open a shopping mall complex. Once the city is chosen, they will also move their family back to the city. So when they are faced with such a big decision that affects several families and generations, they need comprehensive advice from a domestic consultancy firm. Ms Zhang and her team will also vote on the bidding consultancies, select the winners to work with, and pay them handsomely".

面对这样难得的机遇，G4学生团队随即组成了两个顶级咨询公司，开始提前进入“工作状态”，为“张老板”分析当今国内经济势态，并各自制作一份投资分析报告来参与竞标。

Faced with such a rare opportunity, the G4 student team immediately formed two top consulting firms, began to enter the "working state" in advance for the "boss" to analyse today's domestic economic situation, and each prepared an investment analysis report to participate in the bidding.

他们不仅学会了如何辨别官方网站、摘取和引用可信数据、搜索线上资源、甚至调用图书馆线下杂志、书籍等技能。学生们在制作报告的过程中，不仅锻炼了学生们整合信息、搜集信息的能力，在规定时间内完成报告参与竞标，使他们更急迫地尝试不同方法去结合自己的理解，最终通过小组讨论完成标书。

Not only did they learn skills such as how to identify official websites, extract and cite credible data, search for online resources and even access offline library journals and books. The process of producing the report not only honed the students' ability to integrate and gather information, but completing the report within the timeframe required to participate in the bidding process made them more eager to try different methods of incorporating their own understanding, and ultimately to complete the bidding process through group discussion and collaboration.

看！两个公司的小职员们都干劲十足，看到他们埋头苦干，侃侃而谈的样子，老师们不禁感叹，这还是我们因为玩小游戏输了哇哇大哭，小玩具弄丢伤心好久的那些学生们吗？我们仿佛已经看到了他们10年后征战商圈的风采！

Look! The staff of those two consulting firms are full of energy, see them burying their heads in the hard work, the eloquent manner, the teachers can not help but sigh, this is still we play small games because of the loss of wailing, small toys lost for a long time of sadness of those students? We seem to have seen their possibilities and ambitions in the business world 10 years later!

积极反思 Making conclusions

从两个“咨询公司”的投资分析报告中，我们不难看到，学生们在投资建议中都提到了一线城市、超一线城市，也有学生发现二线城市也是很有发展前景的，那我们再回过头去看人口的迁移和密度变化受什么样的影响呢？他们将这个问题映射到自己的家庭中去思考：

“我的爸爸妈妈是因为工作调度来到长沙”；

“我的爸爸妈妈希望让我们得到更好的教育，所以来了长沙”；

“我的爸爸妈妈希望获得更好的发展前景，而这里有新区提供的一系列营商优惠政策，所以我的爸爸妈妈来长沙开公司”.......

From the investment analyses of the two 'consulting firms', it's not hard to see that the students mentioned first-tier and super-first-tier cities in their investment recommendations, and some of them thought that second-tier cities were also very promising. They put this question to their own families to think about:

"My mum and dad came to Changsha because of work scheduling."

"My mum and dad wanted to give us a better education, so they came to Changsha."

"My mum and dad wanted better development prospects and there are a number of business incentives offered by the new district here, so my mum and dad came to Changsha to set up a business" .......

慢慢地，学生们开始理解并总结，我们人口的迁移和密度的变化，不只是受二线城市的经济影响，也会受到自然环境因素，例如气候、地形、水源、土壤等，或者是受到人文社会因素影响，这其中就包含了政治、经济和文化等多方面因素。所以理解了这一概念后，学生们再选择城市的时候，他们开始结合以上更全面的因素去综合考虑。比如，他们会去看当地的教育水平，也会去关注城市的科技发展等等。

The students began to understand and conclude that the migration of our population and changes in density are not only influenced by the economy of second-tier cities, but also by natural environmental factors such as climate, topography, water, soil, etc., or by humanistic and social factors, which include a wide range of factors such as politics, economics and culture. Having understood this concept, when students choose a city, they begin to consider it in relation to the wider factors mentioned above. For example, they will look at the level of education in the area, the technological development of the city and so on.

采取行动 Taking action

随着学生们对“人口数量随时间增加”、“人口增加会影响人口密度”两条探究线索有了更深理解，学生们提出作为长沙市民的他们希望尽自己的力量让长沙变得更好，能够吸引更多的人来长沙定居。他们想着如何才能采取力所能及的行动呢？最后经过搜索，他们决定使用“长沙市长信箱”进行提议。老师们对所有学生“大胆”的想法给予了高度的肯定，这正是彼一米希望培养出来的具有国际视野和民族情怀的世界公民。

As the students gained a deeper understanding of the two lines of inquiry, "Population increases over time" and "Population increase affects population density", they suggested that as citizens of Changsha, they would like to do their part to make Changsha a better place and attract more people to settle there. The students suggested that, as citizens of Changsha, they would like to do their part to make Changsha a better place and attract more people to settle there. They wondered what they could do to help. After searching, they decided to use the "Changsha Mayor's Mailbox" to make their suggestions. The teachers were very positive about all the students' "bold" ideas, which BeeMee hopes will create global citizens with an international outlook and a sense of national identity.

经过精心的准备和整合，学生们开始编写自己的倡议信，并针对每条建议进行理由陈述。

After careful preparation and integration, the students began to write their own initiative letters with reasons for each proposal.

Olivia和Max在信中写道：我们可以提倡人们更多地使用自行车代替机动车出行，或使用电动汽车，这样我们的空气质量才会更好。我们不应该使用一次性用品，例如塑料袋、一次性碗筷等。

Olivia and Max wrote in their letter that we can encourage people to use bicycles instead of motorised vehicles to get around, or use electric cars to improve our air quality. We should stop using single-use items such as plastic bags and disposable tableware.

Mandy和Dale一起讨论出以下建议：希望长沙市能举办更多的志愿者活动；加强道路建设，增加停车场及停车位等，使交通不再那么拥堵；更多地提倡人们节约用水。

Mandy and Dale discussed the following suggestions: they hoped that Changsha could organise more volunteer activities; they hoped that road construction could be increased and more car parks and parking spaces could be built to reduce traffic congestion; and they hoped that people could be encouraged to save water more often.

而Diana和Kenny也有自己的想法，他们说：希望长沙市能增加更多的智能设备，让人们的生活更便捷；提倡节约用电，多使用可循环利用的物品等等。

And Diana and Kenny also have their own ideas, they said: they hope Changsha City can add more smart devices to make people's lives more convenient; promote electricity saving, use more recyclable items and so on.

学生们把这几封信提交到长沙市政民互动网站后，四年级团队陆续接到了多个部门的电话反馈。

After the students submitted the letters to the Changsha Municipal People's Interaction website, the Year 4 teachers and students received telephone feedback from a number of departments.

市发展改革委针对“节约用电”这一建议回复道：我委目前主要通过以下措施引导和鼓励居民、企业节约用电。

The Municipal Development and Reform Commission responded to the suggestion of "saving electricity" by saying that the Commission is currently guiding and encouraging residents and enterprises to save electricity through the following measures.

通过严格执行高耗能、高排放行业的差别电价、阶梯电价等绿色电价政策，促进节能减碳，引导节约用电，优化电力消费行为。

Promote energy saving and carbon reduction, guide electricity saving and optimise electricity consumption behaviour through strict implementation of green tariff policies such as differential tariffs and ladder tariffs for high energy consumption and high emission industries.

每年迎峰度夏、迎峰度冬时期在全市范围内开展室内温控检查，督促党政机关、企事业单位等大型公共建筑遵守夏季室内空调温度不得低于26摄氏度、冬季不高于20摄氏度的规定，保障我市电力供需平衡和电网安全，进一步提高能源利用效率，提高全社会节约能源意识。

The annual peak summer and winter period in the city-wide indoor temperature control checks, urging Party and government organs, enterprises and public institutions and other large public buildings to comply with the provisions of the summer indoor air-conditioning temperature should not be lower than 26 degrees Celsius, not higher than 20 degrees Celsius in winter, to protect the city's power supply and demand balance and grid security, and further improve the efficiency of energy use, and enhance the awareness of the whole society to save energy.

积极开展节能监察。由市发展改革部门制定长沙市年度节能监察计划，加强固定资产投资项目节能审查事中事后监管，进一步提升用能单位能效水平。

Actively carry out energy conservation supervision. The Municipal Development and Reform Department will formulate the annual energy-saving supervision plan of Changsha City, strengthen the supervision of energy-saving review of fixed asset investment projects, and further improve the energy efficiency of energy-using units.

大力开展节能宣传活动。利用节能宣传周等活动，通过节能低碳公益问答、节能自愿承诺倡议、节能小技巧宣讲等形式多样、内容丰富的宣传教育活动，让市民认识节能降耗好处，普及节能低碳知识。

Vigorously carry out energy conservation publicity. Take advantage of the Energy Conservation Awareness Week and other activities to let the public know the benefits of energy conservation and consumption reduction, and popularise the knowledge of energy conservation and low carbon through various and informative publicity and education activities, such as energy conservation and low carbon public welfare quiz, energy conservation voluntary commitment initiatives, energy conservation tips and lectures, and so on.

市城管执法局针对学生们建议增加更多的智能设备的问题，给出以下回复：经我局研究梳理，目前我局公共设施智能化设备正处于研究学习阶段，现有的道路新型指示牌暂未实施智能功能，我局亦会在智能化设施的使用加快推进学习和实施。

City Urban Management and Law Enforcement Bureau for the students proposed to add more intelligent equipment, to give the following answer: the Bureau of research and sorting, at present, the Bureau of public facilities intelligent equipment is in the research and study stage, the existing road new signs are not yet the implementation of intelligent function, the Bureau of intelligent facilities, the use of intelligent facilities to accelerate the progress of the study and implementation of the Bureau will also be used to accelerate the study and implementation of the Bureau.

市交警支队回复道：长沙交警将持续推进对非机动车专用道的建设，鼓励市民低碳出行。

The city traffic police detachment replied: Changsha traffic police will continue to promote the construction of non-motorised lanes to encourage low-carbon travel.

市民政局的工作人员也给我们指引了方向：目前，长沙市志愿服务活动在不同部门分领域分层级开展。市民政局推动民政领域志愿服务活动，主要围绕关爱老人、儿童和困境人群开展。请关注微信小程序“爱星社”或是基层社工站的信息发布情况，选择参与相关志愿服务活动。

The staff of the Municipal Civil Affairs Bureau also gave us a direction: at present, Changsha City volunteer service activities are carried out in different departments in different fields and at different levels. The Municipal Civil Affairs Bureau promotes voluntary service activities in the civil affairs field, mainly focusing on caring for the elderly, students and people in difficulty. Please pay attention to the WeChat app "Love Star Society" or the information released by the grassroots social work stations, and choose to participate in the relevant volunteer service activities.

虽然学生们的建议也许还不是那么的细致、成熟，但长沙市各部门工作人员的高度重视与详细的回复反馈，无疑是给学生们的努力付出最大的肯定和激励。期待他们接下来对城市建设的进一步思考、更深入的探究，继续为生活的环境提出更有建设性的建议，做出力所能及的贡献。

Although the students' suggestions may not be as detailed and mature, the great importance attached by the staff of various departments in Changsha and the detailed responses and feedback are undoubtedly the greatest affirmation and incentive for the students' hard work. We look forward to their further reflection and in-depth exploration of the city's construction, and to their continued constructive suggestions and contributions to the living environment to the best of their ability.

践行责任 Fulfilling responsibilities

通过这个单元的探究，不仅增强了学生们对全球问题的关注，还激发了他们在日常生活中践行节约的实际行动。学生们开始意识到每个人的行动都能对环境和社会产生积极或消极的影响，他们认识到全球资源与城市生态环境等问题的紧迫性。

Through this unit of inquiry, students were not only empowered to be more aware of global issues, but also inspired to practiseconservation in their daily lives. Students began to realise that everyone's actions can have a positive or negative impact on the environment and society, and they recognised the urgency of issues such as global resources and urban ecology.

结合实际生活，学生们开始关注自己的日常行为习惯。他们从节约用水、用电、减少浪费等方面入手，采取一系列节约措施。例如，他们离开教室和放学时，主动关闭电源以及不必要的电器、用水后确保水龙头关紧、在食堂用餐时尽可能减少食物的浪费等等。这些行动不仅有助于减少资源消耗和环境污染，还能培养他们的环保意识和责任感。通过践行节约，学生们不仅为地球环境作出了贡献，还学会了如何在日常生活中做出负责任的选择。这种实践经历将对他们未来的生活产生积极影响，使他们在面对全球问题时更加成熟和理智。

In the context of real life, students began to pay attention to their daily behavioural habits. They took a series of conservation measures, starting with saving water and electricity and reducing waste. For example, they took the initiative to switch off the power supply as well as unnecessary electrical appliances when they left the classroom and after school, they made sure the taps were turned off tightly after using water, and minimised food wastage when eating in the canteen, and so on. These actions not only helped to reduce resource consumption and environmental pollution, but also developed their environmental awareness and sense of responsibility. By practising conservation, students not only contributed to the earth's environment, but also learned how to make responsible choices in their daily lives. This practical experience will have a positive impact on their future lives, making them more mature and sensible when facing global issues.

UOI课程打破了学科界限，将不同学科的知识和技能进行整合，让学生在探究过程中综合运用各种知识，从而提高了学生的综合素质。CBFS将会继续注重学生的探究和实践，鼓励学生在探究过程中发现问题、提出问题和解决问题，从而培养了学生的创新能力和解决问题的能力。在课堂中，让学生们在合作中学会分工协作、相互支持，进一步提高了学生的团队合作能力。所有老师也将引导学生从多个角度探究事物的原理与真相，让学生跳出固有学科思维，超越传统学科之间的界限开展学习，去培养学生的跨学科思维，最终培养出具有国际视野和民族情怀的世界公民。

The UOI programme breaks down the boundaries of disciplines and integrates the knowledge and skills of different disciplines so that students can make full use of all types of knowledge in the process of inquiry, thereby improving their overall quality. CBFS will continue to focus on student enquiry and practice, encouraging students to identify, formulate and solve problems in the process of enquiry, thereby developing their creativity and problem-solving skills. In the classroom, students will learn to share work and support each other in working together, further developing their teamwork skills. All teachers will also guide students to explore the principles and truths of things from multiple perspectives, so that students can think outside their own disciplines and cross the boundaries between traditional disciplines to carry out their studies, to cultivate interdisciplinary thinking, and ultimately to cultivate global citizens with an international outlook and a sense of nationalism.