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上海莱克顿学校物理实验课-将理论付诸实践

2020-11-23

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本学期是2020-2021学年的第一学期。很高兴,学校的管理部门为我们增加了很多新的实验器械,当我们在不同年级教学时,并将理论知识化作实践实验的过程中会使用到这些器械。在我们的实验课上,13年级的同学们发现了一个有趣的现象:当一个载流导体(例如通电导线)放置在磁场中时,由于磁场和导线中移动电荷产生的电磁场之间会相互作用,导线就会受到力。学生们通过自己做的实验,亲眼看到载流导体在磁场中的运动,看到了所研究的理论的真实性。我告诉他们,这就是人们设计电动机时运用的基础原理,学生们感叹道:物理真是太有趣了!


至于12年级,我们演示了如何在实验室使用小型发电机来发电。学生们发现,只要他们让线圈(螺线圈)在磁场当中旋转,就会产生电。他们将一个发光二极管(LED灯)连接到电路上,观察现象,就能得出这一结论,因为只要他们在磁场中旋转线圈,二极管就会发光,而一旦停止,二极管就不会发光。


在11年级的物理课中,我们研究了使用波纹槽产生波、保温瓶中的热传递和静电荷的产生。在学习波的过程中,学生能够观察到波在波纹槽中是如何产生的,也能够观察到不同的水深对波速的影响。尽管大多数学生都用过保温瓶,但是他们从来没有见过它的内部结构,但是,在物理实验课上,他们可以查看保温瓶的内部结构,并了解到瓶内每一个部分的设计都是用来减少由于热传导、对流和热辐射过程中损失的热量。还有一次,我们开展了一些活动,证明了摩擦会产生静电荷。学生们惊奇地发现,只要用干布摩擦有机玻璃棒,并将它靠近小纸片,纸片就会吸附在有机玻璃棒上。学生们说,他们看到的现象是“神奇的”。


这些只是我们在物理课上所做的冰山一角。在上海莱克顿学校,我们致力于将理论付诸实践,以期吸引学生的好奇心,这样他们就能将课堂上获得的知识与周围的世界联系起来。

Godwin Okochi

Physics Teacher 物理老师

This is the first term of the academic year 2020-2021. We are glad that the school management increased the number of apparatus to be used for our practice of the theory we study in our different classes. During our class practical sessions, Year 13 students found it interesting to discover that whenever a current-carrying conductor is placed in a magnetic field the wire experiences a force due to the interaction between the field and the magnetic field produced by the moving charges in the wire. The students were able to see the reality of the theory studied by carrying out the experiment by themselves and witnessing the movement of a current carrying conductor placed in a magnetic field. I mentioned to them that this is the same principle that is used to design motors. They all said 'physics is interesting!'


For the Y12, we demonstrated how electricity is produced by using a small generator in the laboratory. The students found that whenever they made the coil of wires (solenoid) to rotate between a magnetic field, electricity is produced. They came to this conclusion by connecting a light emitting diode (LED) to the circuit and they could see that whenever they rotated the coil in the magnetic field the diode will give light and whenever they stopped, the diode could not give light.


For Y11, we studied production of waves using a ripple tank, heat transfer in a vacuum flask, and production of electrostatic charges. During the study of waves, students were able to see how waves are produced in a ripple tank and were able to observe the effect caused by different water depths on the speed of a wave. Although most of the students have used a vacuum flask before, they have never seen the internal structure of the vacuum flask but on this occasion, they were able to view the inner structure of the vacuum flask and learnt that every part of the flask has been designed to reduce heat losses by conduction, convection and radiation processes. On another occasion, we carried out activities to demonstrate the production of static charges by friction. The students were surprised to see that whenever they rubbed a Perspex rod with a dry cloth and brought the rod close to small pieces of papers, the papers were attracted on the Perspex rod. Some students said that what they saw was 'magical'.


These are just but a glimpse of what we do during our physics classes. At Lucton School Shanghai, we endeavour to bring theory into practice with an aim of attracting students’ curiosity as they relate the knowledge acquired in class with the world around.



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