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一年一度幼升小,衔接重点帮您圈好!

2023-04-03发布于江苏

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又到了一年一度幼升小的重要时期。幼儿园和小学多方面的不同,从偏游戏式的场域,进入正式的学科学习阶段,家长们格外关注教育衔接的问题。

 

幼升小过渡应该做好哪些心理准备?

进入双语教育的小学会有什么优势?

哪些方面是在小学择校时应该重视的?

 

我们一起通过狄邦华曜小学部校长邹菁的分享,看看如何拆解幼升小的关键问题,又该如何“解题”。



It's that time of the year again - the important period of preschool to elementary school transition. With the many differences between preschool and elementary school, such as the shift from play-based activities to formal subject learning, parents are paying special attention to the issue of educational continuity.

 

What kind of psychological preparation should be made for the transition from preschool to elementary school?

What are the advantages of entering a bilingual education elementary school?

What aspects should be emphasized when choosing a elementary school?

 

Let's explore how to break down the key issues of the transition from preschool to elementary school and how to solve them through the sharing of Ms. Jing Zou, the principal of the elementary school at Dipont Huayao Collegiate School.




小学与幼儿园的不同

The Differences Between Elementary School and preschool

面对幼升小的过渡,我们应该认识到幼儿园和小学之间存在着本质的不同,包括所处环境、教育内容、学习时间和方式等因素。了解这些不同之后,才能更好地从中总结过渡期需要注意的事情。

 

在幼儿园的班级中,学习环境较为宽松活泼,鼓励孩子自由发展;学习内容以动手动脑的实践性游戏为主,旨在进行知识的启蒙和兴趣的启发,基本上考试是比较少的;小朋友的互动对象和社交范围相对有限。

 

但进入小学之后,开始有明确的分科,涵盖的年级也会更多,孩子需要面对更大的活动场所、不同的学科、学段的老师和不同年级的学生。


Swipe left for English

In facing the transition from preschool to elementary school, we should recognize that there are fundamental differences between these two stages of education, including factors such as the learning environment, educational content, study time, and learning methods. Understanding these differences can help us better understand what to focus on during the transition period.

 

In preschool classrooms, the learning environment is generally more relaxed and lively, and children are encouraged to develop freely. The focus is on practical, hands-on games and activities to introduce basic knowledge and stimulate interest, and there is usually minimal testing. Children's social interactions and networks are relatively limited.

 

However, when entering elementary school, there will be clear subject divisions, covering more grades, and children need to face larger activity areas, different subjects, teachers from different stages, and students from different grades.



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每天至少会有5-6堂专业课程,课堂以听讲、自主探索和思考为主,进行知识和技能的吸收。尽管小学也会有适当的课堂活动或游戏,但学习趋向系统化,需要完成作业,有任务和压力。老师的教育方式也从侧重生活到侧重学业与品德,强调学校规章,不会再时时刻地叮嘱和看管孩子。

 

在发展心理学家埃里克森的八阶段理论中,6-12岁的学龄期,是儿童适应社会、掌握生活必需知识、获得自信的关键时期,因此能否顺利衔接过度的“幼升小”,并不只是在我国备受关注的教育话题。

 

日本教育界将“幼小衔接”放在终生教育的理念下看待,开设各类衔接课程,组织幼儿园和小学低段教师之间的座谈交流和交换实习;美国有不少附设在小学内的幼儿园,也会对幼儿园教师和小学低段教师合流培训;瑞士部分地区则实行学前两个年级与小学一、二年级设在一个机构中的制度。

 

那么回到现实,在国内现状下的幼升小衔接,有哪些值得注意和应该去做的事呢?



There will be at least 5-6 professional courses every day, and the classroom will focus on listening, self-exploration, and thinking, absorbing knowledge and skills. Although there will be appropriate classroom activities or games in elementary school, learning tends to be systematic, and students need to complete homework, have tasks and pressure. The teacher's educational approach also shifts from focusing on life to focusing on academics and character, emphasizing school rules, and will no longer remind and supervise the children all the time.

 

In developmental psychologist Erik Erikson's theory of eight stages of development, the 6-12 year-old period of schooling is a critical period for children to adapt to society, master essential knowledge and gain confidence. Therefore, the smooth transition from preschool to elementary school, known as "幼升小" in Chinese, is not only an education topic of great concern in China.

 

The Japanese education sector views "preschool to elementary school transition" as part of lifelong education and offers various transition courses, organizes discussions and exchanges between preschool and elementary school teachers. In the United States, there are many preschools attached to elementary schools, and joint training is provided for preschool and elementary school teachers. In some regions of Switzerland, the first two years of preschool and the first two years of elementary school are in the same institution.

 

So, returning to reality, what should we pay attention to and what should we do to prepare for the transition from preschool to elementary school in China's current situation?




幼升小衔接,家长具体该如何做?

What should parents do for the transition from preschool to elementary school?


在幼儿园和小学环境的明显变化之中,邹菁校长认为,最重要的环节就是习惯的培养。小学低段时养成良好的习惯,能够让孩子提升课堂内外的学习效率,比如倾听力、规则意识、专注力等,从而更好地适应校园生活。

 

习惯的培养,心理上的建设和行为上的练习缺一不可,两者相互结合,共同发挥作用。

 

以表达能力为例,进入社交范围更广的校园,孩子在与同学或老师的互动过程中,要进行相对完整的表达。如何能提升表达能力呢?一方面鼓励孩子大胆地说,避免打压和批评带来畏难心理。哪怕ta当下说的不好,也应以积极的态度让孩子多说多尝试,建立自信。另一方面,在各种可以交谈的场合与孩子进行沟通和互动,塑造潜移默化的表达习惯。

 

再如责任心和时间管理能力,这两点是孩子未来的学习生活中始终发挥作用的关键技能。父母可以有意识地去训练孩子每日整理书包、整理个人物品、检查作业等;同时可以一起共同讨论制定时间表,使作息有章可循,孩子学会自己查看什么时间做什么,家长慢慢地就可以从看管模式中退出。

 

每个孩子都具有天然的好奇心,对新鲜、厉害的事物会感兴趣;但在实际做事的过程中,也必然会出现各种不尽如人意的地方,这个时候家长要注意尽量不去打击孩子,而是给到他们方法和情感上的支持,让孩子能感受解决问题、成功完成某事带来的喜悦。

 

值得强调的一点是,在衔接阶段的陪伴过程中,家长要有持续性和原则性。遇到同类型的状况,前后的处理态度和方式保持一致,才不会让仍在适应转变时期的孩子产生混乱。

 

当孩子进入校园开启学科学习时,邹菁校长也给到一些实际性的建议:

 

“小学也是家长和孩子的首次长时间分离。爸妈应该放下自己焦虑的心情,多倾听孩子描述校园发生的点点滴滴,和同伴、老师之间发生的故事。以积极乐观的心态去看待。遇事别着急,多观察,多沟通,多给到孩子建设性的意见。

 

在放学后和周末时,注意高效的亲子陪伴。高效意味着不仅仅是时间的花费,而是能够产生情感联结的相处。例如一起阅读,提出开放性的问题,通过讨论,帮助他们学会换位思考,并运用到现实问题的解决中。”


In the obvious changes between preschool and elementary school environments, Principal Jing Zou believes that the most important part is the cultivation of habits. Cultivating good habits in the early years of elementary school can help children improve their learning efficiency both inside and outside the classroom, such as listening skills, rule awareness, and concentration, thus adapting better to campus life.

 

The cultivation of habits requires both psychological construction and behavioral practice, and the two must be combined to play a joint role.

 

Take communication skills as an example. When children enter the campus with a wider social scope, they need to express themselves relatively comprehensively in their interactions with classmates or teachers. How can parents help improve their children's communication skills? On the one hand, encourage children to speak boldly, avoid suppressing and criticizing, which may lead to psychological fear. Even if they don't speak well at the moment, parents should encourage children to speak more and try more with a positive attitude to build their confidence. On the other hand, communicate and interact with children in various talkable occasions to shape their implicit expression habits.

 

Moreover, responsibility and time management skills are key skills that will play a crucial role in children's future academic and personal life. Parents can consciously train their children to organize their backpacks, personal belongings, and check their homework daily. They can also work together to develop a schedule so that the child learns to look at what they need to do at what time, and parents can slowly withdraw from their supervisory role.

 

Every child has a natural curiosity and will be interested in new and exciting things. However, in the process of doing things, there will inevitably be various unsatisfactory situations. At this time, parents should try not to discourage their children, but instead provide them with methodological and emotional support, so that children can feel the joy of problem-solving and successfully completing tasks.

 

It is worth emphasizing that parents should be consistent and principled in the process of accompanying their children during the transitional phase. By maintaining a consistent attitude and approach to similar situations, parents can avoid confusing children who are still adapting to changes.

 

When children enter school and start studying different subjects, Principal Jing Zou also provides some practical advice:

 

"Elementary school is also the first time for parents and children to be separated for a long time. Parents should let go of their own anxiety and listen more to their children's descriptions of the bits and pieces that happen on campus, and the stories that happen between their peers and teachers. Approach it with a positive and optimistic attitude. Don't rush into things, observe more, communicate more, and give constructive advice to your children.

 

After school and on weekends, pay attention to effective parent-child companionship. Efficiency means not only the expenditure of time, but also the emotional connection that can be generated from being together. For example, reading together, asking open-ended questions, and through discussion, help them learn to think from different perspectives and apply it to solving real-life problems."





个性化?双母语?小学选择很重要!

Personalized learning? Bilingualism? Elementary school choice is important!


孩子就像种子,都有各自的性格特点和学习类型,视觉型、听觉型或是直观体验型,不同人擅长的学习方式有所不同。加上家庭的基因及成长环境等因素的影响,每个孩子在进入小学前的基础储备都不一样。

 

在狄邦华曜,我们提倡“全人教育”的理念, 注重孩子的知识和智力水平,关注他们的心智、情感、精神的发展,逐步让其具备现实世界中生存的能力。在教育过程中,尊重孩子的本能和兴趣,力图激发每个人的潜能和创造性。

 

个性化基于此理念而伴生。在同一个课堂上由同样的老师教出来的学生,成绩表现却各有千秋,是很多家长觉得好奇的问题。在我们看来,“步调一致”的要求,反而是需要突破的传统教育观念。

 

在我们的校园里,当不同型的孩子齐聚一堂时,老师会以“扬长避短”和“取长补短”为原则,通过组成灵活的学习小组,让有特长的小朋友,既能得到展示自己的机会,也可以充分借鉴学习其他小伙伴身上的优点。小组成员间在交流、探讨、分工、合作之中,感受获得知识的整个过程。

 

不强调“步调一致”的模式,只是看似“形散”,而非“神散”。小学及初中阶段还是以中国国家课程大纲为基石,遵循美国前沿的Common Core、Next Generation Science以及ISTE等标准进行课程设计安排。

 

在语言的学习上,狄邦华曜同等重视中文和英语的母语式培养。邹菁校长与我们分享,作为一所植根于中国本土的国际学校,不能丢了中国学生的身份认同。

 

“积累一定的汉语水平,了解中国的文化历史是必要的。家长把孩子送进双语学习的学校,应该要转变只为了提升英文水平的这种思维。我们希望将孩子们培养为拥有深厚人文底蕴的全球公民,在世界的舞台上,怀抱文化自信,作为中国人去发声,传播具有中国特色的文化内容。”

 

在狄邦华曜的小学阶段,会牢固夯实孩子的语言基础,并强化塑造母语思维。不仅仅是语文和英语老师,各科的教学者都是语言的引导人。在上课的过程中,老师会不断带出新词汇,我们会要求老师用孩子能够理解的说法,深入浅出地去学习这些词汇、语句,甚至高阶的表达方式。

 

创校进入第三年,学校沉浸式的语言环境也越发完善。我们特别注意把控中、英文学科的语言授课比例,同样中、外教也保持着1:1的平衡,让孩子在课堂的转换中,在不同学科的转换中,习得不同的术语和表达方式,能在两种文化氛围里自由切换。


Children are like seeds, each with their own personality traits and learning styles, such as visual, auditory, or experiential. Different people have different learning styles. Combined with the influence of family genetics and the environment, each child's foundation before entering elementary school is different.

 

At Dipont Huayao, we advocate the concept of "Whole-child Education," which focuses on the development of children's knowledge, intelligence, and their mental, emotional, and spiritual growth, gradually enabling them to have the ability to survive in the real world. In the education process, we respect the children's instincts and interests, and strive to stimulate everyone's potential and creativity.

 

Personalized Learning is born based on this concept. It is a curious question for many parents why students taught by the same teacher in the same classroom have different academic performances. In our view, the requirement of "consistent pace" is actually a traditional educational concept that needs to be broken.

 

In our campus, when children of different types gather together, teachers will use the principles of "adopt one’s good points and avoid one’s shortcomings " and "learn from others' strong points to offset one's weakness" by forming flexible learning groups, allowing children with talents to have the opportunity to showcase themselves and fully learn from the strengths of their peers. In the process of communication, discussion, division of labor, and cooperation among group members, they experience the entire process of gaining knowledge.

 

"Not emphasizing the mode of 'consistent pace' seems to be 'disorganized' rather than 'disoriented'. In the elementary and secondary school stages, the Chinese national curriculum outline is still the cornerstone, and the curriculum design and arrangement follow the cutting-edge standards of Common Core, Next Generation Science, and ISTE in the United States.

 

In language learning, Dipont Huayao equally values the native-like development of Chinese and English. Principal Jing Zou shared with us that as an international school rooted in China, we cannot lose the identity recognition of Chinese students.

 

"Accumulating a certain level of Chinese proficiency and understanding of Chinese culture and history is necessary. Parents who send their children to bilingual schools should change the mindset of only improving English proficiency. We hope to cultivate children into global citizens with profound humanistic heritage, embracing cultural confidence on the world stage, speaking out as Chinese people, and spreading cultural content with Chinese characteristics."

 

At the elementary school stage of Dipont Huayao, the language foundation of children will be firmly established, and their mother-tongue thinking will be reinforced. Not only Chinese and English teachers, but also teachers from various subjects are language guides. During class, teachers constantly introduce new vocabulary, and we ask teachers to use expressions that children can understand, to learn these words, sentences, and even advanced expressions in a simple and easy-to-understand way.

 

As the school enters its third year, the immersive language environment is becoming more complete. We pay special attention to the language teaching ratio of Chinese and English subjects. Similarly, Chinese and foreign teachers are also maintained in a 1:1 balance, allowing children to learn different terminologies and expressions in different subjects and cultural environments and freely switch between the two cultures.

 

The goal of the transition from preschool to elementary school is not only to help children enter the classroom smoothly, but also to lay a foundation for quality and habits at the beginning of becoming a student. The choice of elementary school is not only utilitarian for subsequent education, but also to find a place for children to realize their potential and enhance themselves in the crucial 5-6 years of elementary school. We can do just that.




幼小衔接的目标不止是帮助孩子顺利步入课堂,而是在成为学生的最初,打好品质和习惯的基础;小学的选择也不只是功利性地为了后续升学,而是在接下来关键的5-6年小学时光中,为孩子找到能够发挥潜能、提升自我的场所。我们恰恰可以做到这些。

The goal of the transition from preschool to elementary school is not only to help children enter the classroom smoothly, but also to lay a foundation for quality and habits at the beginning of becoming a student. The choice of elementary school is not only utilitarian for subsequent education, but also to find a place for children to realize their potential and enhance themselves in the crucial 5-6 years of elementary school. We can do just that.





昆山狄邦华曜学校

原(昆山市上海华二学校)


2023-2024学年 招生计划


幼儿园至高一 (10年级)

5年级开始提供住宿

2-16岁中外籍学生


由狄邦教育集团与华东师范大学第二附属中学共同创办

以”勇于探索、追求卓越”为使命

融汇中西、着眼未来的创新型、双语学校

声明:本文内容为国际教育号作者发布,不代表国际教育网的观点和立场,本平台仅提供信息存储服务。

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