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Are we underestimating 2-year-olds? 我们是否低估了2岁的孩子?

2023-05-31发布于江苏

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What happens when we take a 2-year-old’s ideas seriously?


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当我们认真对待一个两岁孩子的想法时,会发生些什么?


Swipe left for English



Many young children imagine the little wooden truck in their hands will one day turn into a real one. For our youngest students at Hua Yao, this happened. However, before we share the details, let’s go back to the beginning.


A few months ago some children were playing with fire trucks. Seeing this interest, we extended it by adding fire trucks in the hope that more children would join in on the play. And they did!  We noticed that this kind of play offered many concrete language opportunities. For example, children could use action verbs, such as squirt, climb and drive and concrete nouns: truck, ladder, jacket, hose and wheels.


We also introduced an English action song. Children sang while pretending to drive a fire truck, climb a ladder, and even put out a fire by squirting water from a hose they represented by clasping their hands together and making a shhhh sound.


We wondered if children would be inspired by the addition of colour and other materials to the firefighter play. For example, would children be able to pretend an orange or yellow circle could represent fire? Would children be able to use blue paint to represent water? And would children use these materials to make meaning as a shared group?


We decided to test out our wonderings in play. But first, we thought about the developmental opportunities.


● This experience would enable children to use particular colours to mentally represent(symbolic thought) for a purpose (blue paint as water, orange paint as fire).

● This experience would enable children to take on roles within a specific narrative in their play (firefighters).

● This experience would enable children to play alongside other children engaged in the same theme (putting out the fire).

● This experience would enable children to manipulate objects and experiment with cause and effect, trial and error, and motion (filling cups with water, squeezing paint,funneling, transporting water).

● This experience would enable children to represent objects with characteristics in common (a stick or a paintbrush can be a hose to squirt water) and objects without characteristics in common.

● This experience would provide children with an opportunity to make connections between their own life (what they have experienced) and the play narrative (usingsomething familiar to squirt the water)


Verbal invitation in English: The teacher calls out“FIRE, FIRE”in English and points to the easel.

Materials: The easel includes pots of watery blue paint, brushes and some thick, shiny orange paint poured down the middle of a large piece of yellow paper.

Verbal Prompt in English: The teacher starts singing the fire truck song...  “Hurry,hurry, drive the fire truck...”



许多年幼的孩子会想象他们手中小小的木制卡车将来会变成真正的卡车。对于我们华曜学校最年幼的学生来说,这个梦想已经实现。但在我们分享细节之前,让我们回到它开始的地方。


几个月前,一些孩子在玩小消防车。看到孩子们的这一兴趣,我们增加了更多的消防车资源,希望更多的孩子加入到游戏中来。他们果然参与了进来!我们注意到,这种游戏为孩子们提供了许多具体的语言学习机会。例如:孩子们可以用到喷、爬和开(车)等动作词汇,以及卡车、梯子、外套、水管和车轮等具体的名词词汇。


我们还介绍了一首英文律动歌曲,孩子们可以一边唱一边假装自己在开消防车,在爬梯子,甚至双手合在一起代表水管喷水灭火,同时发出 “唰” 的声音。


我们想知道,如果给消防员游戏添加颜料和其他材料,孩子们是否会受到启发。例如,孩子们能否用橙色或黄色圆圈代表火?能否用蓝色颜料代表水?作为一个共同的群体,孩子们会使用这些材料来创造意义吗?


我们决定在游戏中测试我们的想法。但是首先,我们要考虑的是孩子们从中可能获得的发展机会。


● 该活动可以让孩子们用特定的颜色表达心理的(符号思维)某个意图(用蓝色代表水,用橙色代表火)。


● 该活动可以让孩子们在游戏中扮演特定故事情节中的角色(例如消防员)。


● 该活动能够让孩子与其他的孩子共同参与同一主题(灭火)下的玩耍。


● 该活动让儿童能够操作物品,并对因果关系、试错和运动进行实验(给杯子装水、挤颜料、用漏斗注水、搬运水等)。


● 该活动让儿童能够用共同的特征来表征物品(一根棍子或一支画笔可以作为喷水的软管),以及用非共同特征来对物品进行表征。


● 该活动将为孩子提供一个机会,让他们将自己的生活经历(所经历过的事情)与游戏叙事(使用熟悉的东西来喷水)联系起来。


英语口头邀请:老师用英语大声喊出“FIRE, FIRE (火,火)”,并指着画架。


材料:画架旁放着一些淡蓝色的颜料罐和笔刷,画架上放着的一张黄色大纸中央涂了又浓又亮的橙色颜料。


英语口头提示:老师开始唱消防车的歌曲……“快点,快点,开着消防车……”





This is what happened...

这是接下来发生的......


Children using blue paint to mentallyrepresent (symbolic thought) for a purpose.

孩子们用蓝色颜料有目的地对内心的想法进行表征(象征性思维)。


Children representing ‘water’ using glossyblue paint.

孩子们用明亮的蓝色颜料来代表“水”。



Children engaged in the same play narrativeas others.

孩子们参与了与他人相同的游戏叙事。


“More water” the child above is able to makeconnections between his own life  experience(what he has experienced) and the playnarrative (pretending to use a watering can toput the fire out)

“更多的水”,这个孩子能够将自己的生活经验(他所经历的事情)与游戏叙事(假装用浇水壶灭火)建立联系。


The child above is driving a car whilst wewere singing。“Hurry hurry drive the firetruck” in the background.

这个孩子驾驶着一辆汽车,而我们在背景声中唱着“快点快点开消防车”。


The child pictured above is taking on the roleof firefighter and representing “fire”withcrayons, movement and a firefighter’s outfit.

At this point we could have asked thechildren to clean up but instead we realizedthat we needed to offer more than a table. Inresponse, we offered them a water tray, somelarge green containers, more resources andanother table to help them continue theirplay.

这个孩子扮演了消防员的角色,她用蜡笔代表“火”、还穿着消防员的衣服去救火。

此刻,我们本可以要求孩子们开始收玩具,但我们意识到,孩子们需要的不仅仅是一张桌子。作为回应,我们又为他们提供了一个水盘、一些大的绿色容器、更多的资源和另一张桌子来帮助他们继续游戏。


Manipulating objects and experimentingwith cause and effect, trial and error, andmotion (filling cups with water, squeezingpaint, funneling, transporting water.)

孩子们使用物品,探索因果关系、反复试验及动手操作(给杯子装水、挤颜料、使用漏斗、运水)。



The children’s interest in fire trucks supported them in many areas of development, butwe wanted to extend this even more. So again, we pondered on the next steps aschildren were now using both languages in symbolic play (pretending to be afirefighter).


We then thought about how children would respond if they knew their interest infire trucks could become a reality. Thus, bringing an “actual fire truck” to school wouldshow children that their interests and play are valued and built upon.


We worked with our operations department, who helped us bring the fire truck toschool. The local firefighters were thrilled to help out with our youngest class!


The BIG day came, and as children returned from their swimming lesson, they noticed alarge fire trucks parked in front of the preschool. Children were curious and engaged andshowed initiative and courage, with some even venturing inside the truck.


孩子们对消防车的兴趣让他们在许多发展领域得到了支持,但我们希望对此有进一步的延伸。于是,我们再一次对下一步进行思考,因为孩子们现在正在使用两种语言进行象征性游戏(假装成为消防队员)。


我们接着考虑到,如果孩子们知道他们对消防车的兴趣可以变成现实,会有什么反应呢。因此,让“真正的消防车” 来到学校,会向孩子们展现出他们的兴趣和游戏受到了重视,并在此基础上成就了下一步的活动。


我们与运营部门合作,他们帮助我们把消防车请到了学校。当地的消防员非常高兴能够帮助我们最年幼的班级!


重要的日子来了,孩子们从游泳课回来时,注意到一辆大型消防车停在幼儿园门前。孩子们充满好奇并积极参与,表现出主动性和勇气,其中一些孩子甚至进入了消防车内部进行探索。




There is an African proverb, “It takes a village to raise a child” This fire trucks experienceis a lovely example of how everyone came together to support our youngest children atHuaYao. Thank you to the school operations team and the wider community (local firedepartment) who helped extend the children’s interests and, most importantly,demonstrated to them that their interests and ideas matter regardless of their size orage!


有一则非洲谚语这样说:“养育孩子需要整个村庄的支持。” 这次消防车活动是一个很好的例子,它展示了所有人如何共同支持我们华耀幼儿园最年幼的孩子们。感谢学校运营团队和更广泛的社群(当地消防部门)帮助扩展孩子们的兴趣,并且最重要的是,向孩子们证明,无论年龄大小,他们的兴趣和想法都是重要的。

Many years ago, world-renowned educationalist, Loris Malaguzzi, said, “The wider the range of possibilities we offer children, the more intense will be their motivations and the richer their experiences.” Thus, his words still ring true today and reminds us all not to underestimate the ideas of very young children.


许多年前,世界著名的教育家洛里斯·马拉古齐 (Loris Malaguzzi) 曾说过: “我们为孩子提供的可能性范围越广,他们的动机就越强烈,他们的经历就越丰富。” 而他的话在今天仍然正确,并提醒我们所有人都不要低估年幼孩子的想法。





昆山狄邦华曜学校

原(昆山市上海华二学校)


2023-2024学年 招生计划


幼儿园至高一 (10年级)

5年级开始提供住宿

2-16岁中外籍学生


由狄邦教育集团与华东师范大学第二附属中学共同创办

以”勇于探索、追求卓越”为使命

融汇中西、着眼未来的创新型、双语学校

声明:本文内容为国际教育号作者发布,不代表国际教育网的观点和立场,本平台仅提供信息存储服务。

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