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美高项目制教学丨寻访汉字之源,体验汉字魅力

2023-03-10发布于江苏

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一个汉字就是一个故事。

汉字从形态到内涵,

是一种独特的文字符号,

是一种形象生动的文化元素,

是民族文化智慧的象征,

跟着美高幼儿园的脚步,

一起走进象形文字的奇妙世界,

一起去探索汉字的文化宝库

......



课程缘起


进入中、大班,孩子们对汉字的兴趣愈加浓厚,经常看到他们在讨论:


“这是什么字?”

“这个字我认识,是我名字的第三个字”

“这个字看起来好难写呀”

“这个字感觉像一棵树”

   ……



《幼儿园教育指导纲要》中指出:“要培养幼儿对生活中常见的简单标记和文字符号的兴趣,激发幼儿对图书和生活情境中文字符号的意义和用途。“


汉字作为我们中国的象征性标志之一,蕴含着博大的文化。


孩子们对生活中的汉字充满了好奇和探究欲望。


那美高幼儿园就追随孩子的兴趣,聚焦“汉字的故事”这一主题,带着问题,关联不同的领域与学科,横向拓展进行研究。 调动全脑、全身心、全时空的方式来学习,开启一场对汉字的探究之旅!


活动目标


1. 对汉字的来源产生兴趣,知道汉字是中国人发明的文字,感受作为一个中国人的自豪与骄傲。


2. 了解汉字的演变过程:事物的外形—象形字—汉字,尝试进行图画、象形字、汉字的对应匹配。


3. 通过观察与分析,了解汉字产生的规律并对相似性原理进行运用和迁移。



了解世界



了解汉字的演变

在这一板块,处于预期发展水平的儿童将:


他们会说出自己当下所处环境的特点以及环境之间的差异。


认识到人们有不同的信仰,以不同的方式庆祝特殊的时刻。



中国汉字是经过漫长的历史才演变至今,孩子们在欣赏故事、收集、分享象形文字演变的过程中,感受着汉字的奥秘!


了解了汉字的起源,孩子们对象形文字产生浓厚的兴趣,并把图片和象形字一一联系起来,感受着汉字的形象美和意境美。


读写能力



阅读绘本、画出简单的“甲骨文”

在这一板块,处于预期发展水平的儿童将:


能够写出可识别的字母,且其中大多数是正确的。


通过识别单词中的声音,并用一个或多个字母来表示这些声音来拼写单词。


写一些别人能读懂的简单短语和句子。




 “这个甲骨文读作什么?它代表什么意思?”


“老师老师,这个甲骨文字我认识!”


通过趣味识读甲骨文活动,对于孩子们来说,甲骨文不再是生涩难懂的汉字,而是一个个生动的故事,一幅幅美丽的画卷。


身体发展



锻炼小肌肉群

在这一板块,处于预期发展水平的儿童将:


能够安全、自信地使用一系列工具。


如:画画和写字用的铅笔、画笔、剪刀、刀、叉和勺子。


发展全身力量、平衡、协调和敏捷性。




中国的汉字,一撇一捺都是故事。


在自由活动时,幼儿们都跃跃欲试,一个个拿着画笔,临摹着象形文字,在一笔一划中体验古人的智慧。


他们在各个区域里使用不同的材料、玩具,和同伴合作探索不同的汉字,创造出更多有趣的象形字。也在亲身体验、实际操作中进一步感知象形文字的具体形象和独特有趣。


数学能力



《汉字迷宫》《汉字的加减法》

在这一板块,处于预期发展水平的儿童将:


深刻理解数字到10的构成,包括每个数字的自信运用和应用,数学对孩子的生活有积极的影响。


其实,从孩子出生开始,成年人就可以通过互动、玩耍和在日常生活中一起使用数学来支持孩子的数学发展。




古人在创造字的时候也充分的发挥了自己的想象力,他们创造出了哪些有意思的字呢?


幼儿发现汉字也能像数学一样,变成加一加、减一减的计算题。


一—二—三


人—从—众


口—回—品


木—林—森


个人、社会性与情感发展



从“独自游戏”到“合作游戏”

"因为孩子们总是在长大的过程中,所以我们认为孩子的目的是长大。但是一个孩子的真正目的是成为一个孩子。"相较于着眼于孩子的发展快慢,先成为孩子本身来的更重要。


“EYFS”把“个人,社会性与情感发展领域”放在一起,也给予我们启示,“成为自我,成为孩子”是最重要的事。


在这一板块,处于预期发展水平的儿童将:


从独自游戏到平行游戏,再到共同游戏,最后到合作游戏,最终融入合作,建立关系。




在探秘甲骨文的小组活动中,每个孩子都有发言的机会。


有一个人发言的时候,其他孩子在倾听,孩子们学会了倾听。


有问题的时候,他们会自己沟通商量,学会了协商合作


这是传统教学中,老师教孩子听,没有办法达到的能力和学习品质的培养。


交流与语言发展



制作《我的第一本汉字书》

在这一板块,处于预期发展水平的儿童将:


参与小组、课堂和一对一的讨论,运用最新的词汇提出自己的想法;


解释事情发生的原因,在适当的时候使用最近从故事、非虚构作品、押韵和诗歌中引入的词汇;


在老师的示范和支持下,用完整的句子表达他们对自己经历的想法和感受,包括使用过去时、现在时和将来时,并使用连词。




本次的主题活动,幼儿们创写、制作、展示了《我的第一本汉字书》


该活动基于幼儿兴趣和前期经验,通过感知、涂画、涂写、模拟运用文字或符号等形式,用图形和文字向周围的人传递信息、表达感情及构建前书写经验的游戏和学习活动。


当幼儿掌握了自己的“文字”或“符号”体系,用它们表达自己的认知、思想和情感便成了必然。所以,“写作”也就成了“前书写”中最具挑战和最富成就感的行为了。


美高幼儿园对于幼儿前书写中呈现的作品,以多种方式展示出来,让孩子们互相欣赏、交流、模仿和学习,激发他们再创作的欲望。


艺术与设计表现力



制作有声绘本《汉字的故事》

在这一板块,处于预期发展水平的儿童将:


用心聆听,谈论艺术作品,表达自己的感受和反应。


观看并谈论,并表达他们的感受和反应。



课程结语


该主题活动让孩子们更深入了解了汉字的起源,感受到了语言和文字的魅力,对汉字产生了浓厚的兴趣。


孩子们在活动中表现出来的专注力、坚持性、计划性等学习习惯,有助于幼儿进入小学后更好胜任新的学习任务,且受益终身。


本次活动充分尊重孩子身心发展规律,以发展孩子文字意识的核心经验为目的,家园合力借助游戏化、情境化、生活化的手段激发孩子对符号和文字的兴趣,让孩子获得文字再认是自然习得的结果,在潜移默化中积累前书写、前阅读经验。


A Chinese character is a story.

From its form to its connotation, a Chinese character

is a unique symbol of writing that

It is a vivid cultural element

It is a symbol of national cultural wisdom.

Follow the footsteps of LWS Kindergarten

Join us in the wonderful world of pictographs.

Explore the cultural treasures of Chinese characters together ......

Origin of the course

As the children move into the middle and older classes, their interest in Chinese characters grows and they are often seen discussing.

"What is this character?"

"I know this character, it's the third character of my name"

"This character looks so difficult to write."

"This character feels like a tree"

   ......

The Kindergarten Education Guidelines state that "children should develop an interest in simple marks and word symbols that are common in their lives, and stimulate their interest in the meaning and use of word symbols in books and life situations. "

Chinese characters, one of our symbolic signs in China, contain a vast culture.

Children are curious and eager to explore the Chinese characters in their lives.

The LWS kindergarten follows the children's interests and focuses on the theme of "The Story of Chinese Characters", with questions that link different areas and disciplines and expand horizontally. The whole brain, body, mind and soul are engaged in a full time approach to learning, starting a journey of enquiry into Chinese characters!


Activity Objectives

1. Be interested in the origins of Chinese characters, know that Chinese characters were invented by the Chinese and feel proud and honoured to be a Chinese.

2. Understand the evolution of Chinese characters: the shape of things - pictographs - Chinese characters, and try to match pictures, pictographs and Chinese characters.

3. Understand the patterns in the production of Chinese characters through observation and analysis and apply and transfer the principle of similarity.


Understanding the World

Recognise that people have different beliefs and celebrate special times in different ways.

Understanding the evolution of Chinese characters

Chinese characters have evolved over a long period of time and the children were able to experience the mysteries of Chinese characters as they enjoyed the stories, collected and shared the evolution of the pictographs! After learning about the origins of Chinese characters, the children became interested in pictographs and linked the pictures to the pictographs one by one, experiencing the beauty of the images and contexts of Chinese characters.


Literacy

Write recognisable letters, most of which are correctly formed.

Spell words by identifying sounds in them and representing the sounds with a letter or letters.

Write simple phrases and sentences that can be read by others.

Reading picture books and drawing simple "oracle bones"

"What does this oracle bone read? What does it mean?"

"Teacher, I know this oracle bone character!"

Through the fun reading activity, the oracle bones are no longer just a difficult Chinese character, but a vivid story and a beautiful painting for the children.


Physical Development

Develop their small motor skills so that they can use a range of tools competently, safely and confidently. Suggested tools: pencils for drawing and writing, paintbrushes, scissors, knives, forks and spoons.

Every stroke of Chinese characters is a story.

During the free time activities, the children were eager to try their hands on the pictographs, one by one, with their paintbrushes, experiencing the wisdom of the ancients in every stroke.

They used different materials and toys in each area and worked with their peers to explore different Chinese characters and create more interesting pictographs. They also further appreciate the concrete images and unique and interesting nature of pictographs through hands-on experience and practical work.


Mathematics

The Chinese Character Maze "Addition and Subtraction of Chinese Characters

The ancients also used their imagination to the full when creating their characters. What interesting characters did they create?

Children discover that Chinese characters can be turned into addition and subtraction calculations just like maths.

一-二-三

人-从-众

口-回-品

木-林-森


Personal,social and emotional development

Because children grow up, we think a child's purpose is to grow up. But a child's purpose is to be a child.

It is more important to become the child first than to focus on the child's development.

"The EYFS puts together the domains of personal, social and emotional development, which also reveal to us that the most important thing is to "become oneself, to become a child".

The programme moves from solitary play to parallel play, to joint play and finally to cooperative play, ultimately helping children to integrate into cooperation, a process in which they build relationships.

From "solo play" to "cooperative play"

During the group activity on the Oracle, each child has a chance to speak.

When one person speaks, the others listen and the children learn to listen.

When there is a problem, they communicate and discuss it on their own, learning to negotiate and work together.

This is the development of skills and learning qualities that are not achieved in traditional teaching, where the teacher teaches the children to listen.


Communication and Language

Children at the expected level of development will:

Participate in small group, class and one-to-one discussions, offering their own ideas, using recently introduced vocabulary;

Offer explanations for why things might happen, making use of recently introduced vocabulary from stories, non-fiction, rhymes and poems when appropriate;

Express their ideas and feelings about their experiences using full sentences, including use of past, present and future tenses and making use of conjunctions, with modelling and support from their teacher. 

Making 'My First Chinese Character Book'

In this themed activity, the children created, made and presented 'My First Chinese Character Book'.

Based on children's interests and prior experiences, this activity is a play and learning activity that uses shapes and words to convey messages, express feelings and construct pre-writing experiences to those around them through sensory perception, drawing, scribbling and simulating the use of words or symbols.

Once children have mastered their own system of 'words' or 'symbols', it is inevitable that they will use them to express their perceptions, thoughts and feelings. This makes 'writing' the most challenging and fulfilling act of pre-writing.

The LWS Nursery presents the children's pre-writing work in a variety of ways, allowing them to enjoy, share, imitate and learn from each other, and to stimulate their desire to recreate.


Expressive Arts and Design

Listen attentively, move to and talk about music, expressing their feelings and responses.
Watch and talk about dance and performance art, expressing their feelings and responses.



Conclusion of the course

This thematic activity enabled the children to gain a deeper understanding of the origins of Chinese characters, to feel the charm of language and writing, and to develop a strong interest in Chinese characters.


The children's study habits such as concentration, persistence and planning demonstrated in the activity will help them to be better equipped for their new learning tasks when they enter primary school and will benefit them for life.


This activity fully respects the laws of children's physical and mental development and aims to develop the core experience of children's word awareness. With the help of playful, contextual and life-like means to stimulate children's interest in symbols and words, this activity allows children to gain that word re-recognition is the result of natural acquisition and to accumulate pre-writing and pre-reading experiences in a subtle way.




声明:本文内容为国际教育号作者发布,不代表国际教育网的观点和立场,本平台仅提供信息存储服务。

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